How can scientific evidence be translated into effective environmental governance for sustainable shipbreaking management in the Bay of Bengal? This framework integrates coral geochemical records, sediment source apportionment, quantified pollution thresholds, and existing policy instruments to develop a science-based management strategy for shipbreaking-related metal contamination. The proposed recommendations emphasize coral-based monitoring, threshold-driven regulation, environmental remediation funding, and vessel pre-cleaning protocols. Through multi-stakeholder collaboration and phased implementation, the framework aims to reduce coastal metal pollution, protect the Saint Martin’s Island coral reef ecosystem, and support sustainable development aligned with SDGs 8, 12, and 14.